Rice OM7347 Yield and Quality Depending on Lime, Cow Manure, and Mineral and Chemical Fertilizers
Abstract
The use of chemical fertilizers for rice cultivation in Vietnam is at a high level. Intensive and increased crop in rice cultivation depletes the soil of nutrients and decreases rice yield every year. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the combined application of cow manure (CM), lime, and mineral organic fertilizer (HCK 423) to soil quality and rice yield, with the aim of reducing the use of inorganic fertilizers and environmental pollution and ensuring sustainable crop production in agriculture. Therefore, the use of organic and mineral fertilizers to meet the nutritional needs of crops could be an inevitable choice in sustainable agriculture. Combined application of cow manure (CM), lime, and mineral organic fertilizer (HCK 423) aims to reduce the use of inorganic fertilizers and environmental pollution and ensure sustainable crop production in agriculture. This study evaluated the impact of lime, CM, and HCK 423 with NPK fertilizers on the growth, development, yield, and quality of rice OM7347. The experiment was carried out during the winter–spring and summer–autumn crops in 2022–2023. The field research had eight treatments for both crops and four replications. In the winter–spring crop, different rates of lime, CM, and HCK 423 included the control-P1 (NPK: 80 kg N-40 kg P-40 kg K/ha), P2 (1.0 t CaCO3/ha), P3 (500 kg HCK 423/ha), and P4 (10 t CM/ha). On the previous treatment base of winter–spring crop, we applied four treatments (P5, P6, P7, and P8) to the summer–autumn crop using the NPK. The novelty of the study was that the combined or individual application of CM, lime, and HCK 423 with NPK fertilizer increased soil fertility, yield, and quality of OM7347 rice, all higher than the control in the first season. Furthermore, CM and lime applied in the previous season increased the rice yield and quality in the next season with only chemical fertilizer application compared with control treatments. The addition of 10 t CM/ha with 80 kg N-40 kg P-40 kg K/ha yielded the highest values of the yield components, yields, protein, and lipid in rice in the summer–autumn crop. Particularly, comparing the highest yields of the winter–spring crop with the highest yields of the summer–autumn crop, treatment P4 was 28.1% higher than treatment P8 in the summer–autumn crop. The efficiency of CM, mineral fertilizer, and lime significantly changed from winter–spring crop to summer–autumn crop.
Keywords: cow manure; lime; HCK 423; rice OM7347; quality
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