Determinants of Lowland Rice Farmers’ Behavior in Food-Insecure Areas in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia: A COM-B Model Approach
Abstract
Food security is a critical challenge, especially in regions with environmental and socio-economic constraints. In Indonesia’s East Nusa Tenggara (NTT), low agricultural productivity and limited infrastructure hinder food security. This study examines the determinants of farmer behavior in food-insecure regions using the COM-B Model (Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, and Behavior) and a Higher-Order Formative SEM approach. This study evaluates the contributions of agricultural technology (AT), government input support (GIS), agricultural infrastructure (AI), agricultural extension (AE), and farmer groups (FGs) to farmer behavior formation. Data from 202 rice farmers in Kecamatan Lewa, East Sumba show that agricultural infrastructure (AI) and farmer groups (FG) are the strongest contributors, highlighting the importance of physical infrastructure and institutional support. Government input support (GIS) and agricultural extension (AE) also play key roles in improving access to resources, while agricultural technology (AT) has a positive but dependent impact on complementary support systems. This study makes three key contributions: applying the COM-B Model in an agricultural context, integrating five stimulus factors to assess their combined impact, and providing empirical evidence for policy Integration-based interventions. The findings offer practical recommendations for improving agricultural sustainability and food security through infrastructure investment, farmer group development, and capacity-building programs. Future research should explore longitudinal studies to assess the lasting effects of these interventions and compare findings across diverse agro-ecological regions to refine policy strategies.
Keywords: farmer behavior, COM-B model, agricultural technology, government input support, agricultural infrastructure, agricultural extension, farmer institutions, sustainable farming, food-insecure areas, formative SEM.
DOI：https://doi.org/10.62321/issn.1000-1298.2025.3.1
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