Design and Experiment of Front-folding Straw Clearing and Blocking Device for Wide Conventional Planters

Abstract

In order to solve the problems of poor operation quality and low working efficiency of passive no-tillage seeding machine in four provinces of Northeast China under the condition of heavy straw mulching, and some large-scale netcrop precision seeding machines can not work on the original stubble ground, the design of a kind of widewidth folding front lateral clearing and anti-clogging device was optimized, which can compose with the existing conventional seeding machine to form a joint operation machine, which can complete all the seeding operations such as seed bed preparation, fertilizer application, seeding, mulching and compression in any state of stubble land without any treatment. Through theoretical analysis to determine the key parameters of the folding mechanism range, in which the hydraulic cylinder stroke was 500mm, through simulation analysis to determine the folding and unfolding process of the folding mechanism of the angular velocity, linear speed changes were in line with the design requirements, the tooth-embedded clutch collision impact force with the active tooth-embedded disk linear speed was nonlinear growth, in the active tooth-embedded disk trajectory linear speed of 150mm/s, folding angular speed of 18(°)/s, and the impact force was 417.N. The synchronization performance, rotational speed and torque of each actuating element of the hydraulic system met the operational technical requirements. Applying the three-factor three-level orthogonal test method, taking the operating speed, knife shaft rotation speed and knife teeth depth into the soil as the test factors, and taking the rate of clearing straw, consistency between rows of clearing straw, equivalent power consumption, and coverage uniformity as the evaluation indexes, the optimization combination test of field parameters was implemented. Under the conditions of 7.2km/h, 600r/min, and 40mm of soil penetration depth, the straw clearing and blocking device could realize the straw clearing rate of 90.02%, straw uniformity of 91.11%, equivalent power consumption of 6.08kW, and consistency of straw clearing between rows of 91.26%. The results can provide technical support for improving the utilization rate of large net-crop precision planters, increasing the convenience of road transportation of large machines, reducing the compaction damage to the soil caused by the machine entering the ground several times, and reducing the production cost.

Keywords:foldable;seed bed preparation device;wide conventional planter;combine operations;hydraulic system;virtual simulation