Design and Experiment of Rail-type Harvesting System for Penaeus vannamei in Greenhouse Ponds
Abstract
In response to the persistent challenges of high manual intervention, intensive labor requirements, low operational efficiency, and a critical lack of automated equipment suitable for facility-based greenhouse ponds during the harvesting of Penaeus vannamei, a novel rail-based harvesting system was proposed based on an integrated modular concept. Considering the specific structural constraints of greenhouse facilities and practical operational requirements, the system’s fundamental design specifications and functional performance indicators were systematically defined, covering all key processes including trap deployment, catching, and transportation. Employing an advanced modular design approach, a comprehensively integrated system was developed, incorporating a centralized power supply system, a precision lifting mechanism, and an efficient catching device. All key parameters, including the drive motor, lifting motor, and optimized track radius, were meticulously calculated and appropriately selected through rigorous engineering analysis. Finite element analysis via ANSYS software was comprehensively conducted to simulate and evaluate the structural strength of the frame and the adsorption performance of the electromagnet, thoroughly verifying structural safety and functional feasibility. A full prototype of the rail-based harvesting system was manufactured and subjected to extensive operational tests evaluating travel stability, lifting reliability, and harvesting efficiency, conclusively confirming the effectiveness of the overall design. The final results demonstrated an average capture success rate of 81.25%, a total operation time of 240s per cycle, and a consistent average operating speed of 0.75m/s, collectively indicating high operational efficiency, remarkable stability, and reliable performance. The research result can provide valuable insights and practical reference for the design and broader application of automated harvesting equipment in modern intensive aquaculture environments.
Keywords: Penaeus vannamei, facility-based greenhouse pond, rail-based harvesting, finite element analysis, electromagnetic adsorption
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