Design and Experiment of Chain Tooth-plow Subtidal Bottom-sown Manila Clam Harvester
Abstract
At present, there are problems with high excavation resistance and high breakage rate in the harvesting of shallow sea Manila clams. Therefore, a chain tooth-plow collaborative harvesting scheme was proposed, and a chain tooth harvesting mechanism and a drag reducing loosening plow suitable for shallow sea clam harvesting operations were designed. The motion and force analysis of the harvesting chain teeth were carried out, and the plow body surface was designed based on the horizontal straight line method. A discrete element simulation study was conducted on the process of reducing drag and loosening soil plow and collaborative harvesting operations. Single factor experiments and Box-Behnken experiments were used to optimize the width, cutting angle, and installation angle of reducing drag and loosening soil plow. A chain tooth-plow collaborative harvesting simulation experiment was also conducted. The results showed that when the width of the reducing drag and loosening soil plow was 192mm, the installation angle was 37.81°, and the cutting angle was 25.84°, the plow body resistance was the smallest, which was 37.81N. When the distance between plow teeth was 30.6cm, the distance between chain teeth was 33.96mm, and the plow depth was 30mm, the excavation resistance of the chain teeth was the smallest, which was 420.57N, and the harvesting rate was 88.43%. Based on the optimal parameters obtained from simulation, a chain tooth-plow collaborative clam harvesting machine was processed, and harvesting experiments were conducted. Compared with the chain toothed harvesting machine, the chain tooth-plow collaborative harvesting equipment reduced excavation resistance by 55.35%, increased recovery rate by 23.7%, reduced sand content by 28.45%, and reduced damage rate by 25.58%. The chain tooth-plow collaborative harvesting equipment improved the efficiency of clam harvesting, reduced excavation resistance, and decreased the sand content and crushing rate of shellfish.
Keywords: shallow sea bottom-sown aquaculture, Manila clam, chain tooth plow collaborative harvester, discrete element simulation, parameter optimization
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